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syfsf/ gj/fh l/hfnsf] syfs[lt

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                           ;bfgGb cefuL       

gj/fh l/hfn g]kfnL ;flxTo If]qsf Pp6f ax'k|ltefzfnL Pjd\ :yflkt ;flxTosf/ x'g\ . :jfledfga:tL, hLtk'/–l;d/f pkdxfgu/kflnsf–!^ af/fsf :yfoL a;f]af;L l/hfnsf] …cb[Zo kL8fÚ -n3'syf;ª\ux @)%&_, …ljvl08t k|jfxÚ -syf;ª\u|x@)^#_, df6f] vf]Hb} -n3'syf @)^&_ / …cj pk|fGtÚ -syf;ª\u|x,@)&*_ gfdsf $ syfs[lt k|sflzt 5g\ . o;}u/L afn;flxTosf Ps bh{g s[ltx¿ k|sflzt 5g\ . pgsf lgofqf, vf]h, lgjGw / Jofs/0fsf k':tsx¿ klg 5g\ . lj=;++= @)#( ;fndf …kfunsf] rfxgfÚ zLif{ssf] n3'syf dft[e"ld ;Ktflxsdf k|sflzt u/fP/ n]vg If]qdf k|j]z u/]sf l/hfn cfh Ps ljwfdf dfq kl/lrt 5}gg\ . ;flxTosf ljljw If]qdf cfk"mnfO{ ;'kl/lrt u/fPsf 5g\ .  

;Dkfbgsf] If]qdf klg pgsf] of]ubfg 5 . d}bfg, b]jsf]6f JofVofg ;ª\u|x, d'5{gf, dx]z cfjfh, g]lZrn,  ;dfof]hg,  pQ/f4{, cfn]vg, afnk|1f, k|n]; cflbsf] klg pgn] ;Dkfbg u/]sf 5g\ . gjk|1fkg gfds ;flxlTos klqsfsf ;Dkfbs ÷k|sfzsf /x]sf pgn] af/f lhNnfaf6 of] klqsf @)%) b]lv lg/Gt/ k|sflzt ul//x]sf 5g\ . of] klqsf clxn];Dd (^ cª\s k|sflzt ePsf] 5 .

;'uGw n3'syf k'/:sf/ @)%!, lzIfs>L k'/:sf/–@)%^, gf/fo0fL jfª\do k'/:sf/ @)%&, ,/fli6«o jfª\do ;Ddfg @)^#, cg];f; k'/:sf/ @)^^, t];|f] afn;flxTo ;Ddfg @)&!, sfnLu08sL ;flxTo snf k'/:sf/ @)&$, ;'>L nIdL sfsL{ :d[lt kqsfl/tf k'/:sf/ @)&$, ef]hk'/L ljsf; d~rsf] ;Ddfg @)&^, 8f= dg'd'Qm …dfgjÚn3'syf uf}/j ;Ddfg @)&^, zAbofqf ;flxlTos klqsf ;Ddfg  @)&^, k|fb]lzs k|ltef k'/:sf/ @)&^, k|]zsfplG;n ;flxlTos kqsfl/tf k'/:sf/ @)&&  / n3'syf ljz]if ;Ddfg–@)&& åf/f pgL ;Ddflgt tyf k'/:s[t e};s]sf 5g\ .

cfj/0f k[i7 afx]s !^* k[i7df ;+/lrt o; s[ltdf !& cf]6f syfx+¿ ;dfj]z 5g\ . of] s[ltnfO{ cIf/wfd k|sfzgn] sf7df8f}Fn] k|sflzt u/]sf] xf] . of] s[ltsf] d"No ¿ %)).– /flvPsf] 5 .

s[ltleqsf syfnfO{ z'esfdgf lb+b} g]kfn k|1fk|lti7fg ;flxTo uB÷cfVofg ljefusL k|d'v dfof 7s'/L  n]Vg'x'G5 –æsyfsf/n] sltko syfdf k|of]u klg u/]sf 5g\ . t/ k|of]u s]jn k|of]udf dfq ;Lldt\ 5}gg\ . ToxfF k|ofKt dfqfdf hLjg, ljrf/, ljZjf;, cf:yf, c7f]6/ ef]ufO{ / ldNg g;s]sf oyfy{x¿ klg 5g\ .Æ o;/L g} ljho rfln;] 5f]6f] t/ ld7f] e"ldsfdf n]Vg'x'G5 –æsyfa:t' ;dsflng g]kfnL syf n]vg k/Dk/fsf] cfdk|j[lQ / ljifoa:t'd} s]lGb|t /x] klg z}nLut gljgtfn] syfnfO{ gofFkg, gofF lbzf, gofF prfO{, gofF lrGtg / gofF w/ftn k|bfg u/sf] dx;z"; x'G5 .

n]vs l/hfn …d]/f syf o:t} 5g\ ÚzLif{s lbP/ n]V5g\–æd]/f syfdf lxhf] klg 5 . cfh klg 5 . / ef]ln klg 5Æ . oL zAbn] s] k|i6 kfb{5 eg] syfsf/ eljio aQmf klg x'g\ . kf}/fl0fs syfx¿df o:tf lrGtg / eljiojf0fL ldN5g\ . syf k9\bf  pgn] cfˆgf syfdf Oltxf;nfO{ sf]6\ofPsf 5g\ . jt{dfgnfO{ k|i6\ofPsf 5g\ / eljiojfF0fL geP/ jt{dfgn] cª\ufn]sf] dfu{n] eljion] s'g df]8 lnG5 eGg] dfu{bz{g bzf{Psf 5g\ . To;f] x'Fbf pgsf oL cleJolQm syfx¿n] ;To ;fljt u/]sf5g\ .

s[ltsf] k|sfzg cIf/wfd k|sfzgn] u/]sf] 5 / k|sfzssf] snddf 5fofbQ Gof}kfg] n]Vg'x'G5 –æpgL efiff ;flxTosf] dfWofdaf6 a]lyltsf ¿kdf h/f uf8]sf] cGw ljZjf;hGo ;fdflhs ;f+:s[lts / k/Dk/fsf] ?kfGt/0fsf kIfdf snd rnfP/ k|ultzLn r]tgf ;Dk|]if0fdf /dfpg] ;|i6fsf ¿kdf lrlgPsf 5g\ .Æ

dflysf cleJolQmn] gj/fh l/hfnsf] n]vgz}nL, JolQmTj, pgn] g]kfnL ;flxTo, afn;flxTo, uhnsf/ JolStTj /  ;Dkfbg cflb  If]qdf  k'¥ofPsf] cd"No of]ubfgsf] lg;f/0f ePsf] 5  eGg] nfU5 .    syf;ª\u|xleq !& cf]6f syfx¿ ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ . k|yd syfsf] zLif{s a:tL xf] . o; syfdf ljljw 36gfqmdnfO{ jt{dfg, e"t / eljiosf] uf]/]6f]df ;d]6\g] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . ;a{k|yd ;'nf]rgfsf] k;n, p;sf] ¿k, glhs}sf] eun'sf] k;n, eun'sL kTgLsf] d[To', 5f]/f c/j ofqf, ;'nf]rgfsf] bf]sfgdf lkpg cfpg]x¿sf] ljljw vfn] wf/0ff cflbnfO{ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf ;fy;fy} jt{dfg kl/j]z tyf ;fdflhs oyfy{tfnfO{ s]nfpFb} ljs[ltnfO{ ;d]6\g] k|of; ;'Gb/ k|of; klg ePsf] 5 .

ufpFdf ljljw hfltx¿sf] a;f]af; eP klg Pstfdf Ps l9Ssf ePsf] wf/0ffn] ;dfhdf d]nldnfk /x]sf] hfGg ;lsG5 . k;ndf y/L y/Lsf dflg;sf] cfudg / /S;L kfg ubf{ kf]v]sf cleJolStn] dlb/f ;]jg ug]{ dflg;sf] :jefj, kL8f, lkpg' kg]{ sf/0f, lkO:s]kl5 dftdf k|:t't x'g] emu8fn' k|j[lQ cflbnfO{ k|dfl0fs ¿kdf ;k'i6 kfl/Psf] 5 . 7fpF 7fpFdf hLjguhtsf ;Gbe{x¿nfO{ k|i6 kfg]{ k|of; klg ePsf] 5 . syfsf/sf] syg 5 – æ;a} s]jn e/]sf lglDt afFRy] . ef]nL b"/:y lyof] .Æ ha;Dd dflg;n] lxhf] s] lyPF, cfh s] 5' / ef]ln s] x'g'k5{ eGg] ;f]r /fVb}g p;sf] ljsf;sf] qmd /f]lsG5 . syfdf kfqx¿sf] ;Djfb dfkm{t oxL lsl;dsf ljljw kIfnfO{ ;d]6g] k|of; ePsf] 5 .

bf];|]syf ;Ddf]xg xf] . o; syfdf P / jLsf] aLrdf ;+jfb rN5 . ;+jfb ubf{ ub}{ P n] jLnfO{ cd]l/sf;Fu bfHb} c¿nfO{ n8fP/ /ldtf x]g]{ u/]sf] cf/f]k nufpF5 .  logLx¿ ljjfbd} /xG5g\ . !%–!^ jif{sL aflnsf dfl/Psf] s'/f rN5 . aflnsfsf] anTsf/kl5 d[To' ePsf] wf/0ff cfpF5 . g]kfnL ;dfhdf c+za08f k|yfn]  lelqPsf] ljs[ltsf] ;Gbe{ cfpF5 . bfh'efOnfO{ lbg'k5{ egL >LdtLsf] gfddf /flvPsf] k};f lnP/ :jo+ >LdtL efu]sf s'/fn] syfdf cem /f]rstf yk]sf] 5 . P / jL nfO{ ;8s af6 ;+:yfdf nu]/ :s'ndf k9fPsf] / pgLx¿ ;lxbk'q x'g ;Sg] ts{ klg syfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

j]lyltn] lgodnfO{ wf]tL nufpg] s'r]i6f u/]sf sf/0f P]n] b]zn] of] lgolt ef]Ug' k/]sf] pgsf] dfGotf 5 . gsf/fTds ;f]rs} sf/0f /fli6«otf / k|hftGqdf u|x0f nfUg yfn]sf] pgsf] cledt 5 . b'O{ hF8\ofxfsf] emu8fsf] cj:yf, g]tfx¿sf czf]egLo / c;fGble{s ukmsf] ljifodf klg syfsf/ af]n]sf 5g\ . ;8sdf ePsfx¿nfO{ ;+:yfdf nu]/ k9fO{ n]vfO{ u/fO{ ;xf/f lbP/ /fv]sfn] g} gftfuf]tf hftkft vf]hljg ul/lbg' kg]{ s'/f Joª\UofTds ¿kdf cfPsf 5g\ . o; syfdf klg ljljw kIfnfO{ ;d]6\g] k|of; ePsf] 5 .

dxf]T;j–  t];|f] syf xf] . of] syfdf yl/yl/sf s[ofsnfkx¿sf] j0f{g /f]df~rs j0f{g ul/Psf] 5 . kfqsf gfd ;d]t\ cgf}7f] lsl;dsf 5g\ . h'n'; :jf:ysdL{lt/ nlIft ePsf] / 8fS6/sf] nfkjf{xLn] ubf{ d{To'j/0f ug{ k/]sf] s'/f oxfFsf cfPsf 5g\ . a]lyltn] /fh u/]sf] s'/f of] syfdf klg cfPsf] 5 . k|hftGqdf 3';vfg 5'6 x'g' kg]{ s'/fx¿ ahf/df p7]sf ;Gbe{x¿ 5g\ . hgtf hgfb{g x'g\ eGg] wf/0ff klg 5 . cfˆgf] cfª\usf] e}F;L gb]v] klg csf{sf] cfª\sf] h'd|f b]Vg] k|j[ltk|lt s6'Joª\Uo ul/Psf] 5 . jt{dfg e"tsf] ¿kdf kl/0ft x'g] s'/f / ;d:of b]Vg] s'/f st{JoxLgtfsf] kl/0flt xf] eGg] wf/0ffnfO{ klg syfn] b]vfpg vf]h]sf] 5 .

uf]xLsf] cfF;' l/TofP/ t[i0ffsf] df;' vfg]x¿sf] Wofg otf slxn] kms{g] xf] vf]O{ < o:tf y'k|} wf/0ff syfdf cfPsf 5g . syfdf ;[ª\ufl/s wf/0ffn] klg :yfg lnPsf] 5 . ;lxb ;DemFb} df6f] /Qm/l~ht 5 eGg] wf/0ff klg k|s6 ePsf] 5 . lht–xf/sf s'/fdf xf/ s;}n] g:jLsf/]sf s'/f cfPsf 5g\ . åGåsf s'/fx¿ lg:s]sf 5g\ . /ut /ft} x'g] ePsf]n] hf] l;l4P klg Pp6} xf] eGg] s'/f ul/Psf] 5 . lbkLdfsf] kL8fbfoL sf?l0fs cfF;' k9\bf k9\b} sfkLdf b]z n]v]/ ljxf];\ ePsf s'/fn] b]zk|ltsf] dgf]efj k|blz{t x'G5 . b]zsf] lrGtfsf af/]df 8fS6/n] ;DemfpFbf b]znfO{ e'n]/ klg s'g} dfG5] lhpFbf] /xg ;Snf / 8fS6/ ;fx]a < eGg] ;Gbe{ cfPsfn] syf /fli6«otfsf] k'i7e"lddf n]lvPsf] k|tLt x'G5 .

cfZj:t– rf}yf] syf xf] . o; syfdf nfd} 5nkmnn] :yfg lnPsf] 5 . oxfF cfqmf];n] el/Psf cfjfhx¿ 5g\ . cfZjf;gsf kf]sfx¿sf s'/fx+¿ 5g\ . cfZjf;gsf kf]sfx¿ sfdofjL lyPgg\ . hgtfaf6 cfZjf;gsf kf]sf x}g gubL rflxg] wf/0ff cfPsf 5g\ . sf]xL s;}sf] el/of aGg gx'g]s'/f k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5 . o'uf}+ o'ub]lv cfzfsf k"mn ag]/ a:g] ;Gbe{x¿ cfPsf 5g\ . k'l/Psf ;kgfsf] pTvgg\ x'g' kg]{ ts{ 5 . 3ft–k|lt3ft x'g gx'g] ;Gbe{n] :yfg kfPsf] 5 . ;do rfksf s'/fx¿ 5g\ . d[To'j/0fsf k|;ª\u 5g\ . /ftleq cGwsf/dfq afFRg ;Sg] ljifon] :yfg kfPsf] 5 . pHofnf]sf] vf]hLsf s'/f 5g\ . ;kgf a]Rg]jfnfnfO{ ;kgfn] g} vfPsf s'/f ljifo 5g\ . hLjg RofTg gx'g] s'/f klg p7]sf] t/ Rofltg g5f8]sf] k|;ª\u klg 5 .

s;}n] ljljw wf/0ff Psnf}6L ¿kdf af]nL/x]sf] / sf]xL s;}n] Totf Wofg glbPsf] s'/fx¿ klg 5g\ . ;fy} a;Gtsf s'/f, lhp/x] 3Lp lkpg ;lsg] s'/f, ls;fgn] rfx]sf] j]nf dnaLp kfpg g;s]sf] s'/f, afWotfdf ljb]zLg' kg]{ sf/0f, slxNo} tNnf] ju{sfsf] kx'r dfly k'Ug g;s]sf s'/f, hLjgnfO{ rf}tf/Lsf] j/lkkn ;Demg', dflg;df ljZjf; x'g', t[i0ff uGtJo xf] eGg] 7fGg', lg/Gt/tfsf] vf]hL, k|]d / hLjg ;do ;Gbe{ x'g\ eGg] s'/f, :jfy{ jf;gf / t[i0ffn] cl:tTjsf] vf]hL u/]sf] s'/f, cf};/jfbLn] bfx|f b]vfPsf s'/f, ljZjf; OR5fdf kl/0ft x'g g;s]sf s'/f, gjofqf ;'?eP/ klg sNkgfdf e'n /f]lkPsfn] ljTof; a9]sf s'/f kfv08, b'/frf/ / c;tdf d"No x/fPsf] s'/f l;Gb'/ wf]OPsf], dfgjtf ;Dj]bgzLntf, zfnLgtf, ;Eotf / lzi6tf qmdzM gfd]6 aGb} uPsf y'k|} 36gfs|d syfdf cfPsf 5g\ .  

:kz{ kfrf}F syf xf] . of] syf cfGbf]ngtfsf cfGbf]ngsf/Ln] hgtfdf b]vfPsf] qf;flbsf] Ps gd'gfsf] bk{0f xf] eGg dg nfU5 . pgLx¿sf] cfb]zsf] kfngf ul/g' kg]{, kfngf gu/] sf/afxLdf kl/g], b'O{ aGb'ssf] aLrdf hgtf afFRg' kg]{ h:tf s'/fx¿nfO{ o; syfn] ;d]6]sf] 5 . o;df Pp6f k|wfgfWofkssf] bfloTjnfO{ b]vfOPsf] 5 . dfi6/LnfO{ hflu/ gdfGg] wf/0ff klg cfPsf] 5 . qmflGtsf/Lx¿n] lzIfsnfO{ a9L bjfjdf /fv]sf] ljifo b]vfOPsf] 5 . qmflGtsf/Ln] eGg] u/]sf s]xL pbfx/0fx¿ –æcfsfz / k[YjL :jtGq ePsf sf/0ff xfdL klg :jtGq x'g'k5{ . tkfOFx¿n] clxn];Dd a'e\mg ;ls/xg' ePsf] 5}g To;}n] a'emfpg cfPsf] lg .Æævj/bf/ Û s;}nfO{ bfofafFof nfUg] clwsf/ 5}g .Æ ætfln gahfpg' / cfFvf vf]n]/ xfdLlt/ x]g'{ ljkIfdf hfg' ;/x xf] .Æ

kl/j[Q–of] 5}7f}F syf xf] . of] z}lIfs a]/f]huf/Lsf] Pp6f pbfx/0f klg xf] . o;df  dfG5] x'g s] ug'{k5{ h:tf k|Zg 5g\ . Pp6f o'jsn] ljP kf; u/]/ hflu/ kfpg ;Sb}g . pm ;a}sf] ckx]lnt aG5 . ljb]z hfg vf]H5 t/ k};f sf] hf]uf] ug{ ;Sb}g . hflu/ vfg hfFbf klg cfˆgf] dflg; gePsf] sf/0f ubf{ sxL+ st} kfpg ;Sb}g . p;sf] k|ltj]bg ljuf/L lbg] jfnf g} k|hftGq cfPkl5 7"nf] dflg; aG5 . cfTdxTof ;Ddsf] k|of; u5{ t/   ;Sb}g . k9]sf] k|df0fkqsf] k|of]hgdf gcfP kl5 gbLdf ˆofsLlbG5 . cGTodf >Ldfg cl3 cl3 >LdtL kl5  kl5 lx8\5g\  . syf oxLF ;dfKt x'G5 . k|hftGq cfP klg xfnLd'xfnL lxhf]s} ;fdGtx+¿sf] 5 t;y{ ul/j tyf lgd'vfx¿sf] l:ylt ;'wf/ ePs} 5}g eGg] of] syfsf] cfzo xf] .

psfnf] ;ftf}F syf xf] . of] hgcfGbf]ng / To;sf] ;]/f]km]/f]df cfwfl/t 5 . cfGbf]ngdf sof}+ lgbf]{ifx¿n] h]ndf si6s/ hLjg ljtfpg' k/]sf] lyof] . t/ pgLx¿sf] slxNo} plrt d"Nofª\sg ul/Pg . tL hxfFsf] ToxLF /x] . t/ km6fxfx¿ dfly k'u] / df]h u/] . of]ubfg lbg]x¿sf] lbg slxNo} cfPg . syfsf/n] o; ;dosf] /fi6«, /fhgLlts bn / /fhgLlts cj:yfnfO{ /fd|/L s]nfPsf 5g\ . syfsf/ n]V5g\ –l;++uf] /fi6« cfF;'sf] ;fu/df 8'a]/ gf/sLo kL8f ef]Ub} 5 .Æ hgwgsf] IftL, /fhgLlts bnx+¿ ultxLg cj:yfdf, hgcfjfhnfO{  ljBfyL{ dfkm{t 5l/g] sfd, hg cfGbf]ng ug]{ lg0f{o, ljBfyL{, sd{rf/L, ls;fg tyf dHfb"/sf] ;+o'St k|of;n] nf]stGqsf] k|fb'ef{j, 5ftLdf uf]nL nfu]sf] ;f}/en] klg jL/ xl:k6fnaf6 ;lxb d~rdf ePsf] efif0fnfO{ >j0f u/]sf] cj:yf oxfF b]vfOPsf] 5 .

nf]stGqsf] k|fb'ef{j eP ;a}n] xlif{t x'g kfpg], cGwsf/df 8'Aggkg]{, ljb]z hfg gkg]{, of]Uotfsf] sb/ x'g]5 eg]/ afFl8Psf y'k|} ;kgf t'lxP . oL efjgfn] ;fsf/ ¿k wf/0f ug{ ;s]gg\ . h'g p2]Zon] ;ª\3if{, pT;u{ / Tofu ul/Psf] lyof] Tof] k|ZgjfrL e}/x] . o;leqsf k|:t'lt / bfz{lgs cleJolQmx¿n] syfnfO{ pRrfOdf k"¥ofPsf 5g\ . s]xL cleJolQmx¿–æclg d'n's / afl;GbfnfO{ ;'vL agfP/ cfk"m xfF:g] / b]znfO{ klg xF;fpg] dxfg cfsfª\Iff lsg r}t]x'/Ln] p8fof] <Æ

hgtf cfzfjfbL cj:yfdf /x]sf wf/0ff –æjgdf/f hlt emfFluP klg  Ps lbg t gfl;g} k5{ .Æ ljgfzsf] cGTodf ljsf;sf] h/f] pd|G5 . syfsf/n] dggof]Uo y'k|} cleJolQm k:s]sf 5g\ .

tfk– cf7f}F syf xf] . o; syfdf g]kfndf cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿n] ckgfpg] aGbsf] af/]df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . aGb ug]{ / gug]{ b'O{ ;d"xaLr ts{ rN5 . ljleGg ts{ oxfF k|:t't ul/Psf 5g\ sf]xL eG5g\ æ;do cg';f/ kl/jt{g x'gg;Sg]sf] hLjg b'vb x'G5,Æ sf]xL eG5g\–æ aGb s'g} klg ;d:ofsf] ;xL ;dfwfg x}gÆ, æ/fhgLlt ug]{x¿sf] lgDtL clGtd cZq xf] .Æ ælzIf0f ;+:yf aGbsf ljifodf t cem 3f]/ cfklQ 5 .Æ o;/L aGbsf s'/f ubf{ aGb ;bfsf nflu aGb x'g'k5{ eGg] wf/0ff cfpF5 . Pp6f sjf8 klg ToxfF k'U5 / eG5 aGb tkfOFx¿sf] v]tL xf] , o;df tkfOFx¿nfO{ gfkm} gfkmf 5 . sjf8sf] of] s'/f ;'g]/ ;a}sf Wofg t]To}lt/ hfG5 .

aGbstf{sf ;xefuLx¿n] sjf8nfO{ tF sf] xf];\ eg]/ k|Zg u5g\ ,sjf8 u/]/ vfgf k'U5 / of] sjf8L sfd slxn];Dd u5{;\ eg]/ k|Zg /fV4g\ . sjf8n] klg ;xh ¿kdf hjfkm lbG5 . sjf8 u/]/ 5 hgf hxfg kfn]sf] / g]kfnLx¿n] sjf8sf] sfd gu/];Dd p:n] of] sfd ug]{ atfof] . ul/ax¿sf] nflu aGb ;fx|} si6bfO{ x'g] ePsf]n] slxNo} aGb gug]{ cg'/f]w ub{5 .  o; syfdf w]/} ;Gb]zx¿ cfPsf 5g\ . ;To, ljZjf;, lgi7f, cf:yf, jt{dfg, a'l4n] an]sf] cfuf] tfKg], cf:yf / lj:jf; hnfP/ afFRg]x¿d'bf{ x'g\ . Oltxf; e'Ng' cfTdxTof ug'{ ;/x xf] . x/]s ;ef / k|bz{gsf] lglDt dflg;sf] cf];fg]{ lhDdf lng',, hgtfnfO{ e/]ª\ dfq agfpg',  cfGbf]ngdf clwsf/ sdL{, gful/s sdL{, ;dfh ;]jL, a'l4hLjL, b]zeQm ;a}n] bnsf em08f af]s]sf t/ s;}sf xftdf klg /fli6«o em08f gePsf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf . 

;kgf gjf}F syf xf] . ljdnfn] k'q /x/n] ubf{ ;ftf} sGofsf] hGd lblG5g\ . pgsf dgdf cg]sf} efjgfn] :yfg lnG5 . k'q hGdfpg] /x/ hLljt} /x]sf] x'G5 . ;dfhdf k|of]u x'g] zAb æ5f]/f] gx'g]sf] b'v, ck'tf]sf] wg, sf]/Lsf] lhp, sfqf]df vNtLÆ n] ljdnfnfO{ lgs} ;tfPsf] lyof] . 5f]/fsf] /x/df pgn] ;f}tf Joxf]g{ klg tof/ eOg\ t/ jLhgnfnn] To:tf] sd{ ug{ rfx]gg\ . ;dfhdf 5f]/f / 5f]/Ldf s'g} lje]b 5}g eGg] wf/0ff cfhsf lbg;Dd pd|g;s]sf] 5}g. ;dfhdf æbfuaQL, jif{lbgsf] >f4 / sfhlqmof clg jt{dfgsf] cfFvf / cfIf]kaf6 d'lQm Æ h:tf efjgf cem} hLljt 5g\ eGg] oyfy{tfnfO{  syfn] ;d]6]sf] 5 . cGTodf b]p/fgL h]7fgL tyf bfh'efOsf] c+z x8Kg] cfsfª\Iffdf s'7f/f3ft. To;nfO{ kltn] kf}?ifTj;Fu / kTgLn] gf/L cl:dtf;Fu  ufF;]/ x]/] eGb} syf ;dfKt x'G5 . Ps zAbdf eGbf dlxnfdf k'?ifdf eGbf 5f]/fsf] rfxgf a9L x'G5 eGg] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 tfklg syfsf/n] Pp6L gf/Lleq k'qk|flKtsf]  tLa| OR5\ofnfO{ dgf]j}1flgs¿kdf ljZn]if0f ug{  syfsf/ lgk"0f b]lvG5g\ .

3/ – bzf}F syf xf] . of] syf cToGt} dfld{s 5 . ;]jflga[Q ;}lgs / ;]jflgj[Q k|x/L b'O{sf] e]6 nngsf] lrofk;ndf ePsf] x'G5 . b'a} Pscfk;df ldqtf a9\5 . ;}lgsn] klxnf] ljjfxsL kTgL / 5f]/Ldfly Pp6f ;}lgssL ljwjf alxgL;Fu ljjfx u5{ / ;f}tf yK5 . p;sf] nufgL ;a} nufP/ 5f]/f k9fpg] clg 3/ agfPkl5 kTgLn] ePsf 5f]/fx¿ o;sf x}gg\ . of] s]jn gf7f] xf] o;sf] s]xL 5}g egL 3/af6 lgsfnL lbG5] . klxnLsL >ldtLn] cl3sf s'/f la;f}{ / ;Fu} a;f}+ eGbf klg cfTdfUnfgLsf] sf/0f To;f] ug{ ;Sb}g . pm t8kL /x]sf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf . . nngn] ljb]z hfg] o'jfx+nfO{ –æsfd} gu/L vfg t st} kfOGg xh'/, ot} ug'{ xf];\, Totfsf] eGbf a9L cfDbfgL x'G5 Æ elg lbPsf] ;GB]z dgg of]Uo 5 . s]xL dgg of]Uo zAbx¿–

æ;Gtfg hGdfpg nf]Ug] g} rflxG5 eGg] s'/f klg ldYof xf] .Æ

æ;GtfgnfO{ s] yfxf afa' sf] xf] eGg] s'/f . Tof] dnfO{dfq yfxf 5  / lgSof}{n ug{ ;S5' .Æ  elgG5 cfdf ;To x'g\ / afa' s]jn ;fIfL dfq xf] .

PsfGt–P3f/f}F syf xf] . o; syfdf df}gtf / k|Zg stf{ aLrsf] ;Djfb eGbf bf]xf]/f] aftlrt eGg] a'emfpF5 .  t/ oxfF ljlkg bf; d'/f/sf k|Zgsf] pQ/ vf]Hg' 5 eGb} PsfGt af; a:5 . s'g} ckl/lrtn] æltdLx¿ kSs} ;'t]s} xf} Æ eGg] k|Zg t]:of{pF5 . æ;fFRr] ;'t]s} /x]5f} p7]sfx¿sf] l:ylt o:tf] x'Fb}g .Æ csf]{ :j/n] yKof] . cem} csf]{af6 æ;'Tg t kSs} ;'tsf 5f} clg ;'Tg]rfFxL slxn];DdÆ. oL k|Zgx¿ ylkb} lyP / ljlkgn] pQ/ vf]Hg ;ls/x]sf] lyPg syfsf/n] o; syfdf u0ftGq cfPsf s'/f u0ftGqdf Pstf ;'Gb/ kIf dflgg] s'/f, PsfTdstfsf] bfx;+:sf/ u/]sf s'/f, xfdL cfjZoStfeGbf a9L nrstf ePsfn] e8\vfnf]df kg]{  ;Dejfjgfsf s'/f, s'g} ;do ;'t]sf eP klg xfn ;a} hfuf /x]sf s'/f, lxhf] kx'Fr gePsfx¿ cfh dly k'u]sf s'/f, ;'t]sf 5f} eGg] cf/f]k ldYof ePsf s'/f, k'g ts{n] lgliqmo a:g'sf] cy{ ;'Tg'g} xf] eGg] wf/0ff, e¥ofª r9]kl5 lj;{g] s'/f, 6gsk'/b]lv v'b{ nf]6g;Dddf ;Ldf ctLqmd0f tyf lnk'n]s cflbdf ef/tLo x:tIf]ksf s'/f, r'gfjdf oL s'/f ;txdf cfP klg :jt ljnfPsf s'/f, lg:jfy{ af]n]sf] v08df ;d:of gcfpg] s'/f, cflb b]zsf ofjt ;d:ofnfO{ xfdLn] lgofn]/ ;d:of ;dfwfglt/ nfUg g;Sg' g} ;'t]sf] x7/ x'G5 h:tf ljljw wf/0ffnfO{ syfn] ;dfPsf] 5 / hLjGt agfPsf] 5 .

dfi6/ afx|f}F syf xf] . o; syfn] cfh b]zdf lzIffdf b]lvPsf] ljefhg, ;/sf/L :s'ndf ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vofdf lubf]{ cj:yf, ;/sf/L :s'ndf k9fpg] dfi6/x¿n] cfk\mgf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ gLlh ljBfnodf k9fpg] / hflu/ vfg ;/sf/L :s'ndf cfpg] wf/0ffsf s'/f gLlh :s'n / ;/sf/L :s'nsf] kf7\oqmd Pp6} x'g' kg]{ s'/f, j]/f]huf/ >Lhgf ug]{ lzIffsf] s]sfd eGg] s'/f, ljb]z k7fOG5 eg] klg s'g b]zdf s:tf] hgzlQm tof/ ubf{ ljb]z hfg]jfnfn] ;xhdf sfd kfpg ;S5 cflb ljifox¿df s'/f p7fg ePsf] 5 . o; syfn] cfhsf] lzIff k4ltsf] ljifodf uxg ¿kn] s'/f p7fPsf] 5 . t/ ;/sf/ o; ;DaGwdf s'g} ;'gjfO{ ub}{g .

;LdfGt– of] t]x|f} syf xf] . o; syfn] dfcf]jfbL hgo'4sf j]nf e"ldut cj:yfdf ePsf sfo{stf{n] hgtf;fd' u/]sf k|lta4tf, kf6L{nfO{ k'¥ofPsf] cfly{s ;xof]u, ;+u7g la:tf/sf sfd, cfGbf]ng ;kmn ePkl5 TofuL sfo{stf{ dfly ul/Psf] pk]Iff cflbnfO{ ;d]6\g] k|of; u/]sf] 5 . hLjg/fd t/fO{sf] Pp6f cfOP ;Dd k9]sf] o'js kxf8df hfG5  / lzIfs aG5 . pm e"ldut kf6L{sf] ;b:o klg /x]sf], ;+u7gnfO{ hgtfsf] kIfdf n8]sf] eGb} ;Sbf] ;xof]u u/]sf], /ftL /ftL ldl6ª ub}{ hghLljsfsf] pTyfg, lyrf]ldrf] / e]befjaf6 d'lQm, zDk"0f{ zf]iff0fsf] cGTo, ;dfgtf, :jtGqtf / 5'jf5't d'Qm ;dfh, hftLo auL{o / If]qLo lje]bsf] cGTo dlxnf dfly x'g] lyrf] ldrf] / HofbtLsf] ;dfKtL x'g] s'/fdf ;xefuLnfO{ cf:j:t kfg'{, dfu]sf] rGbf dfi6/af6 p7fP/ kf6L{nfO{ a'emfpg', ax'bn cfpg', cfdlgjf{rg cfpg', :yfgLo r'gfj cfpg' t/ TofuL sfo{stf{n] l6s6 gkfpg' / l6s6 kfP/ r'gfj lht]sf pd]baf/n] ljho¥ofnL klg 5f]6\ofP/ sf7df8f}lt/ nfUg' / hgtfsf ;d:ofnfO{ g;'Gg', hLjg/fd @% jif{kl5 Tof] ufpFdf uP/ ljsf;qmd / ToxfF hgtf;Fu e]63f6 ug]{ p2]Zon] hfFbf p;n] k9fPsf] emsaxfb'/;Fu e]6 ubf{ / ufpFsf] ljsf; k|ultsf] hfgsf/L lnFbf +e"Orfnf]n] NofPsf] kl/jt{g afx]s s]xL gePsf] ;Gb]z k|fKt ubf{ pm af6f] af6} kms]{sf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf .

l;kmfl/; –of] rf}wf}F syf xf] . of] syf klg hgcfGbf]ng kl5 :yfgLo r'gfj / /fli6«o r'gfjdf TofuL OdfGbf/ sfo{stf{nfO{ l6s6sf] nflu l;kmfl/; u/]sf] cf:jf;g lbF+b} hfg' / l6s6 kfpg] sfd kf6L{n] ;fdGtsf] sf]6Ldf /fv]sf] JolQmn] kfpg], l6s6 lhTg]n] g} kfpg] eGg] hjfkm lbg', ca b]znfO{ ;d[l4df n}hfg] bfloTj xf] eGg', o:t} ;j{;fwf/0f, dHb'/, ls;fg / >dhLjLsf cg]sf}+ k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbg] sfddf x|f; cfpg', sd/]8 olt;Dd kl/jt{g eP ls nfdf] ;do;Dd ;]N6/ a;]sf, b]zsf] 7"nf] dfG5] ePsf, hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 d/0ff;Gg cj:yfdf k'u]s a[4 xh'/afn] e]6\gsf nflu cg'/f]w ubf{ klg e]6\g gkfO{ d[To'j/0f ug{ k/]sf] wf/0ffnfO{ o; syfn] a8f] dfld{s 9ª\un] ;d]6]sf] 5 .

cfsfª\Iff – of] kGw|f}F syf xf] .  o; syfdf ljb]z knfog ubf{ ul/Psf s';+:sf/x¿nfO{ ;d]6\g] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . ljjfx xfd|f] k/Dk/fdf ;[li6 wfGg] ;++:sf/ xf] . k'/fgf] k/Dk/fdf ljjfxsf lglZrt dlxgf / nug x'G5g\ . t/ cfh ljb]z hfg] rngn] ;a} dlxgfdf ljjfx ug]{ rng cfPsf] 5 . o; syfdf t sfsf elthLsf] larsf] ljjfx u/]/ ljb]z uPsf] dfld{s k|;ª\u 5 . cd]l/sf uPkl5 sfd gkfpg', / cGTodf s]6fn] d[To'j/0f u/]sf] klxnf] 36gfnfO{ oxfF b]vfOPsf] 5 . bf];|f] 36gf bfh'alxgLsf] ljjfx u/]/ sfuh ldnfO{ cd]l/sf uPsf] ;Gbe{sf] 5  . cfhsf] ;dodf k};fsf] nflu dflg; olt lgs[i6 e} ;s]sf] 5 ls cy{ cfh{gsf] nflu h] u/] klg x'G5 eGg] wf/0ff 5 . of] syfn] ToxL ljifoj:t'sf] ;'G/ k|:t'lt lbPsf] 5 .

dgf]åGå– of] ;f]x|f}F syf xf] . o; syfdf d'lvofsf] lyrf]ldrf]af6 Pp6L Ps o'jtLn] d[To'j/0f ubf{ klg Gofo kfpFlbg . kGgfnfn Tof] 36gf ;a}nfO{ ;'gfpg vf]Hbf klg ;'gfpg kfpFb}g . k~rfotL a:5 t/ ls6fgL hfx]/L lbg] / pkrf/ u/fpg] eGg] ax;df d'lvof cfP/ pkrf/ u/fpg] egL ls6fgL hfx]/L /f]S5g\ . cGTodf kjgnfn / e'jgx¿ af]Ng] lbg slxn] cfpnf k|Zg k|Zg u5{g\ . x] To;kl5 syf ;dfKt x'G5 .

rfrfhL –  of] o; k':tssf] ;qf}F jf clGtd syf xf] . of] syfn] t/fO{sf g]kfnLn] ef]Ug k/]sf] sl7gfO{ / /fli6«otfsf af/]df k|i6\ofpg] k|of; u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] e"uefu ef/tn] cfk\mgf] sAhfdf  /fv]sf] / cfk\mgf] gS;fdf ;dfj]z u/]kl5 g]kfndf o;sf] lj/f]w eP/ g]kfnn] klg Tof] hUuf cfk\mgf] gS;fdf ;dfj]z u/]kl5 rfrfhL nufotn] bLkfjnL u/]/ v';LofnL dgfPsf] wf/0ff oxfF 5 . csf]{ wf/0ffdf ef/tn] bf];|f] gfsfaGbL nufPsf] af/]df rfrfhL lgs} b'MvL ePsf], t];|f]df t/fO{df ef/taf6 8fFsfx+¿ cfP/ n'6kf6 u/]sf], anTsf/sf] ;fdgf u/]sf], rf}yf] s'/f ;/sf/n] ls;fgnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ dnaLpsf] hf]xf] ug{ slxNo} g;s]sf], kfFrf}+ s'/f ;Ldfgfsf afl;Gbf b]zsf :yfoL vDaf ePsf t/ cGo efusf dflg;n] zª\sfsf] gh/n] x]bf{ b'vL aGg' k/]sf] h:tf s'/fx¿nfO{ o; syfn] ;d]6]sf] 5 .

zLif{sLs/0f –o; s[ltdf x/]s syfsf] zLif{sLs/0f 5f]6f] ¿kdf tyf Ps} zAbdf /flvPsf 5g\ . tL zLif{s klg syfsf] ;f/ lgzf/0f u/]/ /flvPsf] dxz'; x'G5 . s[ltsf] d"n zLif{s klg æcj pk|fGt Æ /flvPsf] 5 . o; zLif{sdf s'g} syf n]lvPsf] 5}g . syfsf/n] n]vsLodf n]v]sf 5g\ –æd]/f syfdf lxhf] klg 5, cfh klg 5   / ef]ln klg 5 .Æ pgsf egfO{ / n]vfO{df ulx/f] cWoog ubf{ syfsf/sf] egfO{ / n]vfO{sf] ;'Gb/ tfnd]n 5 eGg ;lsG5 . e"t, jt{dfg / eljiosf] dfu{lrq syfdf k|i6 ¿kdf b]Vg ;lsG5 . To;f]x'Fbf ofjt 36gfqmd, ljljw kIfn] u/]sf / af]n]sf ;a} /fd|fkIfnfO{ Jojxf/df ptfb]{ / g/fd|f kIf tyf ljs[lt lj;ª\ultnfO{ TofUg' g} cj pk|fGtsf] dfu{ lrq x'g\ eGg] d]/f] 7DofO{ 5 . cl3 h] h] eof] eof] …ca pk|fGtÚ To;f] gxf];\ eg]/ pgn] of] zLif{s xf] ls eGg] d]/f] cfzª\sf 5 . o;f] x'Fbf of] zLif{s ;fy{s 5 eGg] eGg] dfGg' k5{ .

kfq ljwfg –  syfsf/n] syfx¿df w]/} kfqx¿nfO{ ;dfj]z u/]sf 5g\ . kfq hlt a9\tf x'G5g\ Tolt syfx¿ hl6n aG5g\ h:tf] nfU5 . t/ Pp6f ;'Gb/ kIf s] xf] eg] syfsf/n] hlt kfqx¿ oxfF ;dfj]z u/]sf 5g\, tL ;a} ;s[o tyf lqmofzLn 5g\ . lgis[o kfqx¿ oL syfdf kfOb}gg\ . kfqaf6 k|fKt ;Gb]zn] b]z af]n]sf] 5 . oyfy{tf vf]n]sf] 5 . df6f] af]n]sf] 5 . ;fdfhsf c;xfo ju{sf ;lrq hLjgsyfnfO{ ;a}sf] ;fd' /flvlbPsf] 5 .

efiffz}nL – n]vs, syfsf/ / slj ;a}sf] n]vgz}nL cfcfk\mgf lsl;dsf x'G5g\ . gj/fh l/hfnsf] n]vgz}nL gljgtd\ 5 . syfj:t' ;dsflng g]kfnL syfn]vg k/Dk/fsf] cfd k|j[lQ / ljifo a:t'd} s]lGb|t ePsf] b]lvG5 . syfsf/n] n]vg z}nLdf gofF kg, gofF lbzf, gofF pRrfO{, gofF ;f]r, gofF lrGtg / gofF w/ftn k|bfg u/]sfn] syfn]vg z}nL gofF ePsf] dxz'; x'G5 .

;du| s[ltsf] cWoog ubf{, syfdf s] 5 eGbf syfdf s] 5}g eGg dg nfU5 . oxfF oyfy{k/s hLjgb[li6, :jR5ljrf/, b[9ljZjf;, ulx/f]cf:yf,  ;f;fdlos / ;dfhsf ljs[lt kIfsf s'/f, hgcfGbf]ngdf k|of]u u/]sf cfdsfo{stf{sf] kL8f, j]/f]huf/Lsf s'/f, ;lxbsf] jlnbfgsf s'/f, kl/jt{gn] hgtfdf lbg g;s]sf] cg'e"ltsf s'/f, ;Ldf cltqmd0fsf s'/fh:tf cflb wf/0ff syfdf cfPsf 5g\ . o;y{ d}n] ;fy{s s[lt dfg]sf] 5' eljiodf klg pgsf] sndaf6 o; lsl;dsf s[ltx¿ hGdLO{/x'g\ eGg] z'esfdgf JoSt ub}{ of] n]vsf]] la6 oxfF dfg{ rfxfG5' . / gj/fh l/hfndf pHHjn eljiosf] sfdgf ub{5' .

                                             

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                                                       k|ltlglw å}dfl;s, k"0ff{ª\s &(, h]7–c;f/ @)&(           

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afluofg zdf{sf] uhns[lt
…u'kr'k u'kr'kÚdf Ps b[li6

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afluofg zdf{n] cfkm"n] ljleGg ;dofjlwdf n]v]sf / kqklqsfdf k|sflzt tyf ck|sflzt uhn /rgfx¿sf] @)^^ df …r'krfk–r'krfkÚ tyf …u'kr'k–u'kr'kÚsf] b'O{ kf08'lnkL tof/ kf/]sf lyP . r'krfk–r'krfkn] ToxL ;fn s[lt ag]/ kf7s ;fd' k|:t't x'g] cj;/ k|fKt u¥of] . t/ u'kr'k–u'kr'knfO{ Tof] cj;/ k|fKt ug{ !! jif{ s'g' k¥of] . cyf{t\ o;sf] k|sfzg @)&& ;fndf cfP/ dfq x'g ;Sof] . oL b'O{ s[ltsf] k|sfzg kl5 pgn] uhn n]Vg 5f8]sf] 3f]if0ff klg u/]sf 5g\ . ;f] 3f]if0ff pgn] kl5Nnf] s[lt u'kr'k–u'kr'kdf …n]vssf s'/fdfÚ k|i6 pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ .

pgsf] …r'krfk–r'krfkÚ uh;ª\u|x t d}n] k9\g kfPsf] 5}g t/ …u'kr'k–u'kr'kÚ eg] ;/;tL{ cWoog u/]sf] 5' . cyf{t\ dnfO{ Tof] cj;/ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . ;ª\u|xleqsf uhn :t/Lo 5g\ . ljljwtfdf ;lhPsf 5g\ . ljrf/sf] ;Dk|]if0f /fd|f] 5 . ;Defjgf klg pTs[i6 g} b]lvG5 . t/ v} uhnsf/n] To:tf] lg0f{o lsg lnP d crDddf k/]sf] 5' . pgn] To;f] gu?g\ / uhnn]vg ofqfaf6 xft glems'g\ d cfu|x klg ug{ rfxG5' .  

g]kfnL ;flxTo ;+;f/df ;j{k|yd df]tL/fd e§n] leq\ofPsf] uhnn] lgs} v'6\sLnf kf/ub}{ cfh;Dd lgs} km8\sf] dfl/;s]sf] 5 . sfG5f] ljwf eP/ klg of] olt alnof] ePsf] 5 ls s;}n] rfx]/ klg k5fl8 ws]Ng] cfF6 ug{ ;Sb};Sb}gg\ . uhn ufog ljwfsf] ¿kdf dfq ge} ljljw kIfdf n]lvg yfn]sf 5g\ . o;sf] nf]s lk|otf lbgk|ltlbg al9/x]sf] 5 .  

u'kr'k–u'kr'ksf] ;+/rgf – cfj/0f k[i7 afx]s, k|sfzsLo, e"ldsf / n]vssf s'/f u/L !$ k[i7, *@ cf]6f uhn u/L *@ k[i7 / s"n (^ k[i7sf] of] s[lt ;'Gb/ cfj/0fdf 5 . s[ltsf] kl5Nnf] cfj/0fdf kfFr cf]6f uhnx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . o; s[ltsf] k|sfzg ;]j]g lkcf/ ;Knfo;{ -kyn}of af/fn] _ u/]sf] 5 / d"No ? #)).– /flvPsf] 5 .

s[ltleq k|j]z ubf{ – s[ltdf Ps efjsf dfq uhnx¿ 5}gg\ . tL ljljw efjsf 5g\ . k|;ª\usf 5g\ . ;Gbe{sf 5g\ . kl/j]z / :yfgLotfsf 5g\ . ltgLx¿sf] ;Gb]zdf cg]stf 5 . cyf{t\ uhn k7gLo, u|x0fLo / ld7f;n] el/Psf 5g\ . klxnf] uhndf dfgjLo ;+j]bgfsf cfF;' ufnfdf geP/ d'6'dfem emg{ yfn] eGb} uhnsf/n] g]kfnsf] s[lif / ls;fgsf] af/]df ljZn]if0f u/]sf 5g\ . pgL ls;fgk|lt ;xfg'e"lt /fV5g\, To;}n] t pgL o;f] eG5g\ –

                            s[lifk|wfg b]zsf  gful/s  eP klg

x/;fn ef]sef]s} a:tLa:tL dg{ yfn]

                         k[i7 !%

g]kfn Pp6f s[lifk|wfg b]z xf] . clwsf+z hgtf s[lifdf lge{/ 5g\ t/ b]zsf] pTkfbgn] hgtfnfO{  slxNo} k'Ub}g . ;w}F k/ lge{/ aGg kl//x]sf] 5 . lhDd]jf/ lgsfox¿ 6fn6'n] s'/f u/]/ al;/x]sf 5g\ . hgtfsf] hLjg:t/ tnsf] tn} 5 o:tf] cj:yfaf6 uhnsf/ cToGt} lrlGtt 5g\ . pgsf] dg b'v]sf] / 5ftLdf ljljw k|Zgx¿ p7]sf 5g\ .   

uhnsf/ uhndf st} k|sfzsf] vf]hL 5g\ t st} st} dfgjtf au]sf 5g\ . st} cfF;' aufpFb}df OltxfF; gkm]l/g] s'/f u5{g\ t st} cl:dtf kf]lvPsf s'/f >j0f u/fpF5g\ . :jfledfg r's]sf 5g\ t;y{ xfd|f nflu xfdL g} gp7L x'Fb}g eGg] s'/f ug{ klg pgL r'Sb}gg\ .  

xfdLnfO{ anLsf] af]sf] agfP/ xfd|} cufl8 ljkl/t l;4fGt / bz{gsf aLrdf e}/x]sf cgd]n d]nldnfknfO{ uhnsf/ o;/L cleJoSt u5{g\–

                           lxhf]sf tL zxfbt cfh hDd} v]n eP

afw–afv|f Ps} vf]/, of] cgf}7f d]n eP

                                    k[i7 !(

pgL eG5g\– dflg; ;bfrf/L x'g'k5{ . lrDd]jf/ aGg' k5{ . slxNo} a]OdfgL x'g'x'Fb}g . a]OdfgLsf] dgleq ltvf] ltvf] emL/ x'G5 / afx'lar gb]lvg] tL/ x'G5 . To;f] x'Fbf pgLx¿;Fu ;w}F ;ts{ /xg' k5{ . cfˆgf] af6f] cfkm}F lgdf0f{ u/]/ cufl8 a9\g' k5{ . hf] sfd af6 efUg vf]H5 To:tfsf] nflu ;dy/ hUuf klg eL/sf] ¿kdf blz{G5 .

uhnsf/df b]z k|]dsf] cld6 5fk 5 . pgL b]znfO{ cToGt} dfof. ;Ddfg / cfb/ u5{g\ .  pgL ;a}df df6f]sf] k|]d af8\g rfxfG5g\ .  b]znfO{  sfFwdf /fVg rfxfG5g\ . b]z b'Vbf d'6' ;'Sg' h:tf /fi6«k|]dn] el/Psf wf/0ffx¿ uhndf oqtq 5g\ .

uhn dfgj hLjg ljljwtfdf ;lhPsf] 5 . oxfF /f]bg 5, xfF;f] 5 st} kL8} kL8f 5 st} cfgGb} cfgGb 5 . afluofgn] o; uhn ;ª\u|xdf y'k|} wf/0ffx¿ ;d]6]sf 5g\ . t/ ;a}sf] efj Ps} 5 . htftt} b]z k|]dsf efjx¿ au|]NtL e]l6G5g\ . pgL eG5g\–

d'6'leq Sn]if ;fFrL rf]Ol6P/ xfF:b} 5' d

hLjg kysf] uf]/]6f]df t/ 5ftL uln/Xof]

                            k[i7 #^

kl/efiff lhGbuLn] ljljwtf vf]h]sf] xf]

p7fOPsf cf:yfx¿ ;w}+–;w}+ 9nL/Xof]

                             k[i7 #^

                          lj/x /  Joyf;Fu} ld7f]  nfU5 lhGbufgL

lhhLljiff af]s]+ t/ cflv/ ;a} aGof] ;"n

                         k[i7 #&

cfuf] af]sL 5ftLleq aflx/ kfgL x'g'k¥of]

b'Mv kL8f krfP/ ljZjf; hDd} w'g'k¥of]

                         k[i7 %)

cfly{s k|nf]egn] dflg;sf] :j¿k, :yfg ;a} ablnG5 . dflg; If0Ls nfesf lglDt ljut, jt{dfg / eljio e"Ng ;d]t\ ;S5g\ . o;}n]t pgL o:tf] n]V5g\ –

 lxhf] ;Dd g/s eGYof] cfh wfd eof]

                            cf:yf ;a}  kfvf nfu] cl3 bfd eof]

                                     k[i7 ^!

cl:t  ;Dd /fj0f bfFlhg]df k/]sf] pm

 PsfPs t/ cfh t]qfo'usf] /fd eof]

                                    k[i7 ^!

uhnsf/sf] egfO 5 cfj/0fn] ;a} ;To b]vfpFb}g . ;To leq x'G5 . Tof] kfog t vf]Hg' k5{ t/ xfdL vf]Hglt/ nflu/x]sf 5}gf}F . To;}n] pgL eG5g\ –

                                   b]Vof ;a} ;To x'Gg

leq sfnf] wGbf x'G5
                        k[i7 &&

;lxbnfO{ ;Demb} pgL n]V5g\ uhnsf/n] –

p7]sf] xf] Pp6f k|Zg

;lxbn]   s] r}+ kfof]

                   k[i7 (!

;+;f/ cfh åGådf km;]sf] 5 . zlSt zlSt aLr / cxdtfsf] sf/0fn] ljZj cfh czfGt 5 . g]kfndf klg lgs} åGå dlRrof] . cfk"m cfk"md} sf6fdf/n] b]zsf] cfly{s ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts If]q tx;gx;\ eof] . t/ xfdL ;a}n] xf/]sf dfq 5f}+ . cxF slxNo} lht]sf 5}gf}F . lht]sf] eP Oltxf;df slxNo} gxf/]sf xfdL olt lgl/x x'g] lypgf} eGg] pgsf] wf/0ff 5 . o;}n] t pgL cfˆgf] wf/0ff o;/L cleJoSt u5}g\–

xf] t, xfdLn] xf¥of}+ / xfl//x]5f}F

                              cfh cfkm}Fn] cfkm}FnfO{ dfl//x]5f}F

                             k[i7 ^$

lhTg] s'/f t 6f9f 5 lIflth em}F

                              cfˆg}df snxsf]  lap ;fl//x]5f}+

                          k[i7 ^$

uhn z[ª\uf/ /;df n]lvg] k/Dk/fut l;4fGt xf] t/ cfh Tof] s'/fdf kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 . of] ;ª\u|xn] klg Tof] k/Dk/fnfO{ tf]8]sf] 5 . oxfF z[ª\ufl/ssf cnfjf cGo kIfsf uhnx¿ klg 5g\ . >[ª\uf/ kIfdf pgn] n]v]sf uhnx¿ o:tf 5g\–

lk|of ltd|f] d'xf/ cxf] Û 3fd h:tf] 5

vfnL  vNtLelq cfh  bfd h:tf] 5

                                                   k[i7 ^%

                             g dgsf] efsfel/ uLt  ag]/ cfof}

 g t d:t hjfgLdf k|Lt ag]/ cfof}

                         k[i7 #$

                           5ftLleq u'/fF;sf y'Fufx¿ lvn]sf]  5

ltd|f] ld7f] :kz{n] kjg klg lxn]sf] 5

                                     k[i7 $#

uhnsf/ uhndf z[ª\uf/ eg{ lgs} l;kfn' b]lvG5g\ . pgsf uhn lzi6 5g\ . sxL+ st} clZnn zAb kfOFb}gg\ . dflysf z]/x¿af6} yfxf nfU5 ls uhnsf/n] uhn k|:t'ltdf slt;Dd lzi6tf ckgfPsf 5g\ .

u'kr'k u'kr'k uhnleqsf z]/x+¿ ld7f;n] el/Psf 5g\ . uhnx¿ efjk"0f{ 5g\ . *@ cf]6f uhn cWoog ubf{ cfgGb nfU5 . k9f}+ k9f}+ nfU5 .

uhn l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t /x]/ g} n]lvPsf 5g\ . efiff ;/n 5 . t/ afluofg zdf{n] olt /fd|f uhn l;h{gf ubf{ub}{ lsg uhn n]vgaf6 6f9f x'g dg nfUof] of] eg] cfZro{sf] s'/f xf] . oL uhn s[ltdf pgn] cfˆgf] ;xL gfd gn]vL pkgfddf uhn k|sfzg u/]sf 5g\ eGg] s'/f pgsf] n]vsLo k9]kl5 1ft x'G5 . pgsf] jf:tlas gfd gj/fh l/hfn xf] . ;flxlTos kqsfl/tf / cfVofg n]vgdf of] gfd w]/}n] k9]sf 5g\ . d}n] lrgfO{ /xg' kb}{g . lsgls pgL rlr{t cfVofgsf/ / ;flxlTos kqsf/ x'g\ .

cGTodf s[ltsf] kl5Nnf] cfj/0fdf ;lhPsf] Ps z]/ ;fk6L lnFb} ljbf rfxfG5' –

                       k|ltIffdf a:b} 5' d, t/ 6f9f hfg' lyof]

e]l6Psf ofqL hDd] ;Fu} ;fy nfg' lyof] .

                                                  sfjf;f]tL, gjnk/f;Lk"j{ 

                                      

                                                    cfn]v dfl;s, k"0ff{ª\s $%, h]7 @)&(    

syfsf/ gj/fh l/hfnsf] klxnf] syfs[lt
…cb[Zo kL8fÚ n3'syf;ª\u|x dfly Ps b[li6  

;bfgGb cefuL

gj/fh l/hfn g]kfnL ;flxTosf] kf7ssf lglDt ckl/lrt gfd xf]Og . pgL nfdf] ;dob]lv g]kfnL ;flxTo / ;flxlTos kqsfl/tf If]qdf ;ls|o 5g\ . pgsf] of] ;ls|otf g} vf; lrgf/Lsf] d'Vo cfwf/ jf hu xf] . clxn] d]/f] xftdf pgsf] s[lt k|yd syfs[lt …cb[Zo kL8fÚ -n3'syf;ª\ux @)%&_ 5 . o;} s[ltdfkm{t\ s[ltsf/sf ¿kdf klxnf]k6s b]vf k/]sf l/hfnsf] xfn;Dd ljvl08t k|jfx -syf;ª\u|x @)^#_, df6f] vf]Hb} -n3'syf;ª\u|x @)^&_, ca pk|fGt -syf;ª\u|x @)&*_ h:tf cfVofgsf s[ltx¿ k|sflzt 5g\ . afn;flxTosf klg Ps bh{g s[lt k|sflzt u/fO;s]sf pgsf uhn / lgofqfsf ;d]t\ s[lt k|sflzt 5g\ .  

lj=;++=@)#( df …kfunsf] rfxgfÚ zLif{ssf] n3'syf dft[e"ld ;Ktflxsdf k|sflzt u/fP/ n]vg If]qdf ;j{k|yd k|j]z u/]sf pgL cfh ;flxTosf] ljljw If]qdf cfk"mnfO{ ;'kl/lrt u/fpg ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . afn;flxTodf klg pgsf] /fd|f] bvntf 5 /  k|l;l4 klg sdfPsf 5g\ .  ;Dkfbgsf] If]qdf klg pgsf] of]ubfg ct'ngLo 5 . b]jsf]6f JofVofg ;ª\u|x, ;dfof]hg, d}bfg, d'5{gf, pQ/f4{, dx]z cfjfh / g]lZrn pgLåf/f ;Dklbt kqklqsf x'g\ . o;sf] cnfjf pgsf] ;Dkfbg tyf k|sfzgdf ljut #) jif{b]lv af/f lhNnfaf6 gjk|1fkg gfds ;flxlTos klqsf lg/Gt/ k|sflz eO/x]sf] 5 .  

k'/:sf/ / ;Ddfg–;'uGw n3'syf k'/:sf/ @)%!, lzIfs >L k'/:sf/–@)%^, gf/fo0fL jfª\do k'/:sf/–@)%&, /fli6«o jfª\do;Ddfg–@)^#, cg];f; k'/:sf/–@)^^, lzIff ;Ddfg–@)&! nufot Psbh{geGbf a9L k'/:sf/x¿af6 pgL ;Ddflgt / k'/:s[t ePsf 5g\ .  

s[ltleq k|j]z ubf{ –o; s[ltdf %& j6f syfx¿ ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ . cfj/0faf6} u0fgf ubf{ !!@ k[i7df of] syfsf] ;+/rgf ePsf] 5 . e"ldsf, ljifo ;"rL, nufotn] @! k[i7 ;dfPsf] 5 .

s[lt / s[ltsf/k|lt kf]lvPsf efjgfx¿– cfj/0f k[i7df o; s[lt / s[ltsf/k|lt ;flxTosf/x¿n] k:s]sf wf/0ffx¿ o;k|sf/ 5g\ –

o; s[ltsf] k|yd ;+:s/0fdf 8f= /fdk|;fb 1fjnL n]Vg' x'G5 – …;/n ldhf;, lh1f;' :jefj, s]xL u¿F eGg] ljrf/sf gj/fh l/hfn pT;fxL ;h{s x'g\ . cfVofg pgsf] ljifout ljwf xf] eg] k|ultzLntf pgsf] j}rfl/stf xf] .Ú

/d]z uf]vf{nLsf] b[li6df –…;h{sn] ;ª\sL0f{ dgf]u|GyL / å}w rl/qsf JolQmx¿nfO{ cfˆgf] s[ltsf] /rgfdf lgGbfTds¿kdf vf]O/f] vg]sf 5g\ . /fhgLlt kl/jt{gsf] d"NojQfnfO{ cfTd;ft u/L, ;a}n] nf]ssNof0fsf/L u'0ffTds pRrtdlt/ 9lNsg'k5{ eGg] logsf] dg;fo 5 .

>Lcf]d >]i7 /f]bgsf] b[li6df – …o; ;ª\u|xsf n3'syfx¿dfkm{t gj/fh l/hfn c¿sf 3fpdf b'v]sf 5g\ . df6f]nfO{ dfof u/]sf 5g\ . dfG5]sf k|b'lift dfgl;stfnfO{ :jR5 kfg]{ ceLi6 u/]sf 5g\ . u/Lj / b'MvLx¿nfO{ pHofnf] 3fdsf] rfxgf u/]sf 5g\ . ;dgtf / z'esfdgfsf] ;Gb]z k|s6 u/]sf 5g\ .Ú

O{Zj/Lk|;fb kf]v/]nsf] b[li6df –…jt{dfg o'udf g]kfnL ;dfhsf ljleGg If]qx¿df b]vfk/]sf ljs[lt /fhgLlts ljifdtf, z}lIfs c/fhstf,o'jf j]/f]huf/L e|i6«rf/L k|zf;g, a9\bf] ul/aL, v:sbf] dfgjLotf, x's{bf] j]Zofj[lQ km}nbf] afnzf]if0f,nufotsf cg]sf}+ hLjGt ;d:ofx¿dfly syfsf/ l/hfnsf] b[li6 k'u]sf] 5 .

nIdL s'df/L k'gsf] b[li6df – pgsf n3'syfdf b]zk|]d 5,ul/aL / cefjsf kL8f 5g\,;fdGtL, zf]ifs au{sf] bdgdf k/]sf sfdbf/sf] lrq0f 5 / ;dfhsf nf]eL :jfyL{ tyf å}w rl/qsf JolQmk|lt Jofª\Uo klg 5 . oL pk/f]QM wf/0ffx¿ o; s[ltsf] k|yd ;+:s/0fdf cfPsf x'g\ .

o; ;+:s/0fdf k'is//fh e§ n]Vg'x'G5 –…pgsf] /rgfdf g]kfnsf] /fhgLlt, cy{tGq, ;dfh, k|zf;g, ;flxTo z}lIfs ;+:yf,nufotsf ljleGg If]q cfPsf 5g\ .Ú

o; ;+:s/0fdf 8f= ;'wg s'df/ kf}8]n n]Vg' x'G5 –kl5Nnf] k':tsf ;lqmo / pT;fxL syfsf/sf ¿kdf g]kfnL ;flxTosf] k"mnaf/Ldf gj/fh l/hfnsf] n]vg sd{ cfˆg} /ª\u / nodf d':s'/fO/x]sf] blvG5 .+Ú

syfx¿ cWoog ubf{ –

ctL{ –w'd|kfgdf 5f]/fsf] nt a;]kl5  afa'n] of] sfd ug{ x'Fb}g eg]/ ctL{ lbg' / 5f]/fn] afa'sf] cf1f kfng ubf{ afa'n]g} 5f]/fnfO{ lj8L lsGg k7fPkl5 5f]/fn] afa'n] /fd|f] sfd geP lj8L lsGg lsg k7fpg' t eg]/ lj8L vfg yfNg' . ctL{ lbg]jfnfn] cfk"mn] lbPsf] ctL{ kfng gu/]kl5 ctL{ lng]jfnfn] k|of]udf NofpFb}g .

lj8Dagf – o; syfdf y/Lafn] cfkm} cWoIf ag]/ c;xof]u x'Fbfx'Fb} klg ufpFaf;Lsf] ljsf; efjgfn] :s'n af6f] lgdf{0f ePkl5 y/Lafn] clGtddf 5fqfaf; agfP / dGqLaf6 pb\3f6g ul/of] / y/Laf lzIffk|]dLsf] gftfn] cWoIfdf dgf]lgt eP . /fhgLlts s'l6ntfnfO{ pbfª\u kf/]sf] 5 syfn] .

kL8f –cfGbf]ngdf k/]sL, pgsf afa'sf] l/;jL ;fwgf ug{, pgnfO{ lbPsf] oftgf / cbfntaf6 k|fKt 5'6\s/f, pgsf] k'/fgf] :s'ndf xflh/ gu/fpg' / csf]{ :s'ndf klg xfFlh/ x'g gkfO{,cjsf;kq k|fKt ug'{, cfGbf]ng ;kmn ePkl5, k'gjf{xfnLdf ;f]xL :s'ndf k|wfgfWofks aGg'

gjlgld{t ejg pb\3f6g ug{ k"j{ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf, / k"j{ lhNnf k~rfotsf] pk;efklt s'l6n ToxL JoflQm g} dGqL eP/ cfpg] ePkl5 p:nfO{ :jfut ug{ ul/b} tof/Ldf pgsf x[boaf6 lg:s]sf] kL8fbfO{ cfjfh …gfOÚnfO{ sfo{no;xfosn] s] eof] eGb} k|Zg ;f]Wg' / k|=c=df s'g} hjfkm gx'g' . dfdL{s / kl/jt{gn] lbg g;s]sf] hgtfsf] oyfy{ kL8fnfO{ syfn] cfTd;ft u/]sf] 5 .

cfzf –o; syfdf ;/sf/ lj?4 ul/g] cfGbf]ngdf Pshgf s'i6/f]uLnfO{ k|of]u ul/Psf],p;sf] cfzf / sNkgfsf] dgf]lj1fgnfO{ ;d]l6Psf] 5  / cfGbf]ngkl5 k'g pm cb[Zo cj:yfdf k'u]sf] cj:yfnfO{ bzf{OPsf] 5 syfdf .cfGbf]ngdf ul/g] cdfjLo Jojxf/sf] Pp6f pbfx/0f xf] of] syf .

;Gbe{ –o; syfn] cfhsf å}w rl/q wf/0f u/]/ ;dfhdf cfˆgf] gfd pRr kfg{ vf]Hg] JolQmk|lt Joª\u sl;Psf] 5 . efif0fdf hftkft s]xL xf]Og eGg] ;a} Jojxf/df r/fr/L x'g'k5{ eGg] t/ Jojxf/df k|of]udf gNofpg] o:tf dflg;sf] lz/ em'S5 eGg] ;Gb]z 5 .;dflhs oyfy{tfdf cfwfl/t 5 syf .

cleofg –ul/aLaf6 lk8Lt cf]tljxLgn] cf]tsf] vf]hLdf cfwfl/t 5 syf . d eGg]kfq;Fu cf]tsf] cg'/f]wdf d eGg] kfqsf] ljjztfnfO{ bzf{OP 5 .

clwsf/ –nfu'kbfy{df ;DnUg JolQmn] pm nfu'kbfy{ ;DkGg b]z;Fudfq Jokf/ ug]{ pm of] Jokf/af6 ;Gt'i6 /x]sf], p:nfO{ k|x/Ln] lul/ˆtf/ ug{ vf]h ul//x]sf] k|x/Ln] lul/ˆtf\ ug{ g;s] cfkm} lul/ˆtf/L lbg] tof/Ldf /x]sf] wf/0ff .

kfunsf] rfxgf –kfun  yl/yl/sf x'G5g\ . pm dfly ul/g] Jojxf/ klg yl/yl/sf x'G5g\ . of] kfunsf] clt sf?l0fs syf oxfF ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 h:n] s;}sf] s]xL xfgL gf]S;fgL ub}{g / efjgf kf]Vg vf]Hbf klg kfpFb}g. pm kfun kgd} cuf8L a9\g afWo b]lvG5 .

cfFvL‰ofn–o;syfdf lzIffdf a9jf lbP/ sfdnfO{ cuf8L a9fPsf] dflg;sf] klg cfˆg} 3/ ;Gtfgaf6 cfzfltt pknAwL xfFl;n gePkl5 dgdf ljt[i0ff pTkGg eP/ ;f}nf] ;dfhdf c;/kfg]{ sfdnfO{ klg Wofg lbOb}g .

af6f] –sd{rf/Ldf b]lvg] u/]sf ljs[ltnfO{ o; syfn] ;d]6]sf] 5 . sfd ug]{ sd{7 sd{rf/Lsf] d'Nofª\sg geP/ rfs8L rfkn';L / :jfy{n] el/Psfx¿sf] g} kbf]GgtL x'g] ljj/0f 5 syfdf

Psfb]zdf –o; syfdf t/fO{df rngdf cfPsf] sdn/L k|yfsf] Ps gd'gf xf] . 5f]/LnfO{ csf{sf] 3/df sfd ug{ nufpg] x/]s kmfu'k"l0f{ofdf sfd u/] adf]lhd clu|d e'QmfgLlng] ul/PsL Ps lszf]/Lsf] kL8f / z}lIfs clwsf/ ;DalGwt uf]li7sf] j0f{g ul/Psf] 5 .

vf]hL–o; syfdf Pp6f dfUg] a'9f] c;fdGo cj:yfdf 5 . s;}sf] vf]hL ul//x]sf] 5 / p;n] df6f] rflxg],cl:tTj rflxg], ]:jfledfg rflxg] / :jtGq kl/j]z rflxg] wf/0ff kf]lv /x]sf] 5 .

:jfy{– o; syfdf ;dfh;]jLn] …d[tkltsf gfddf kTgLn] chLjg ljwjf a:g x'G5 eg] klt klg kTgLsf gfddf ljw'/ /xg}k5{ Æ eGg] efif0f ub}{ lx8\b}ubf{ cfˆg} a'xf/Lsf] d[To' ePsf] @@ lbgdf 5f]/fsf] ljjfx ul/Psf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 .

;Ddfg–o;syfdf  lgDg cfP ePsf ;flxTosf/n] cf}ifwL pkrf/ gkfP/ b'Mvb d[To'j/0f ug{ k/]sf] / ;/sf/n] pk]If u/]sf wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 .

st{Jo– o; syfdf ;fdflhs sfo{stf{sf] g} å}wrl/nfO{ ki6\ofPsf] 5 . k|hftGq Nofpgsf] nflu cfGbf]ngdf nfu]sf] ljWofyL{nfO{ wgjL/]- ;dfh;]jL_ sf] p:sfx6df oftgf lzlj/df xTof ePsf] / zxLb lbj;sf lbg p;}af6 dfNofk{0f ul/Psf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 .

kl/ro – o; syfdf dflg;sf] jf:tljs kl/rosf] vf]hLdf /x]sf] dflg; tLg ;d'xsf] sfo{qmddf ;xefuL eP/ cfˆgf] efjgf cg's'nsf] kl/ro k|fKt gu{ g;sL r'gfjdf dtbfgdf efu gln+bf dtbfg gu/]sf]  cleof]udf ;dltPsf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 .

kf6f]–……;xof]u :jfy{ljxLg x'Fb}g, cfFvf lrDd kf/]/ :jLsfb}{ hfg] xf] eg] v8vfnf]df kg]{ lglZrt 5 .Æ ljb]zL ;xof]udf b]z lge{/ x'g'x'Fb}g eGg] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 .

ljut–jt{dfg –gbLlsgf/df a;]/ afn'jf rfNg] / lu6L s'6\g] ul/a dflg;sf] oyfy{tfnfO{ k|i6\ofPsf] 5 syfn] afa'kl5 5f]/fn] / 5f]/f kl5 gfltn] qmd; oxL ul/aLdf lklN;Psf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf .

ef]s –dfld{s syf 5 of] .dWod juL{odflg;n] d]xgtn] k9]/ ljb]z uP/ cWoog ;dfKt ;s]/ cfP/ ljjfx u/]/ 3/df >LdtL / 5f]/f5f]/L n] ld7f] gdfgL kmfn]sf] vfgf Pp6f ef]sf] dflg; sG6]g/df kmfNg glbO{  dfu]/ vfG5 . pm lgs} efj's aG5 eGg] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf . cg'e"lt –dflg; Ps7fpFaf6 csf]{ 7fpFdf ;bf{ lgs} pHjfnf] eljiosf] sNkgf ub}{ hfG5 t/ ToxfF klg ;f]r] h:tf] kmn k|fKt ug{ g;Sbf k'/fg} cg'e"lt :d/0f ub{ 5 eGg] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf .

oyfy{–oxfF Pp6L dfUg] a'9L,7]ufgfxLg cj:yfsLsf] nfz af6f]df lyof] / kf]i6df6{dsf] l/kf]6df xTof ul/Psf] b]lvof] . xTof/f kQf nfu]g . dlxnf sdL{x¿n] gf/fh'n'; nufP .s]xL kQf gnfu]kl5 :yfgLo gu/kflnsfn] j]jfl/;] nfzsf] bfx ;+:sf/ u¥of] t/ rsf}{ gf/f nufpg]jfnf s]xL pkl:yt gePsf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf .

bL3{/f]u – ul/aLn] ;lQPsf] JolQm 8fS6/sf]df hfG5 / d / d]/f] k'vf{  ;a} bL3{/f]un] ;lQPsf 5f}+. kfO{G5 eg] of] bL3{/f]uaf6 d'Qm x'g] bjfO{ kfpF eG5 t/ 8fS6/ ;Fu klg o;sf] cf}ifwL 5}g .

zxLbk'q–o; syfdf zxLbk'qn] ef]Ug k/]sf ef]sf] k]6, clzlIft dl:tis / 1fg z"GolhGbuLsf] dfld{s cj:yfnfO{ ;dfh;]jLsf] efif0fn]  s'g} 6]jf lbg g;Sg] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf .

dfgjtf – ufpFaf6 ;x/ >Ldfg vf]Hg k'u]sL Pp6L gf/Lsf]  >Ldfgn] 8]/f ;/]/ cK7of/f]df k/]sLsf] cl:dtf n'6]sf syfnfO{ k|i6\ofOPsf] 5 .

w"t{Qf – dHb"/ g]tfsf] efif0fn] ;a} >ldsx¿ xlif{t eP .sf/vfgfsf] d"n9f]sfdf tfnf nufOof] s]xL dfu k'/f eP s]xL dfukl5 k'/f ug]{ eg]/ tfnfv'Nof] t/ c;Gtf]ifL dHb"/nfO{ cf/f]knufP/ lg:sfzg ul/of] . dHb|/ g]tf t sf/vfgf dflnssf] dflg; /x]sf] wf/\0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf 

dtfGt/–o; syfdf cg]sf}+ dtdf afFl8Psf dflg;sf] :jcl:tTj x/fpFb} uPsf] / hj of] s'/f a'em]kl5 :j cl:tTjdf kms{fg nfu]sf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 .

cfF6–o; syfdf gf/Ln] k/Dk/fsfnb]lv g} ckx]lnt,3[l0ft, / lt/:sf/nfO{ ef]Ug k/]sf ;d:ofnfO{ hfGg g;s] cl:tTj nf]k x'g] cflb wf/0ff ;efdf /fv]sf] ;dfrf/ klqsfdf cfPsf] b]v]/ >Ldfgn] >LdtLnfO{ s] ltdLx¿n] clwsf/ vf]Hg nfu]s} xf} t elg k|Zg ubf{ kTgLn] xh'/sf] bof dfof / :g]x rflxG5 eGg] wf/0ff /fVbl5g\ . 

hLjg–ky–t/fO{df b]lvPsf] >lds-x?jf r?jf_ k|lt Hofnf dHb"/Ldf  ul/g] zf]if0fsf] j0f{g ul/Psf] 5 . kl5 bnx¿ u7g ePkl5 klg pxL dflns} 7"nf] g]tf agL p;s} bofdfofdf kflng' kg]{ wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf .

k]6 –ljjz e} b]x Jokf/df nfu]sL Pp6L dlxnfn] dlxnf clwsf/ sdL{sf wf/0ff ;'Gbf pT;flxt eP ls t/ ;ef ;dKt x'Fbf ;a} ;DkGg ePsf / p;n] k]6 kfNg u|fxs vf]Hg hfg k/]sf] wf/0ff 5 syfdf .

lg0f{o– /fh:j ;+sng sfof{nosf xflsd /ª\u]xft ;dfltP / k|df0f ;lxt dflyNnf] lgsfodf k]z ul/P t/ tLg dlxgfkl5 ;lDalGwt lgsfon] ToxL v6fPsf] / klxnf] 5fgljg lrQ a'‰bf] gePsf]n] csf]{ 5fgljg 6f]nL cfpg] ;dfrf/ klg k|sfzgdf cfPsf] .

7"nf] dflg; –o; syfdf Pp6f ljBfyL{n] lzIfs;Fu xh'/n] ;a} s'/f hfGg' x'G5 eGg] lh1fzfdf lzIfsn] ;a} dflg; ;a} s'/fdf hfGg] x'Fb}gg\ . cfˆgf cfˆgf If]qdf xf] eGbf ljBfyL{n] /fhgLlts sfo{stf{ ;a} lrh hfGg] x'G5g\ eGg] k|Zg /fVg' t/ lzIfsn] k|ltpQ/ glbg' .

oyfl:ylt – zx/sf k|ltli7t jlsn /~hgsL PSnL 5f]/L /ldnf ljBfno lzIff k"/f u/]/ SoDk; k9\g pT;'s 5fqf h:nfO{ jlsnn] ljjfxsf] nflu s]6f af]nfpF5g\ . /ldnfn] s]6fnfO{ b]v]kl5 dg gk/fPsf] ;+s]tdf cfdfn] cg'xf/ rf6\g] a:t' x}geGb} kmsfpg yflN5g\ . 5f]/fn] x]g]{ ePkl5 /f]Hg klg kfpg' k5{ eGg', afa' 5f]/fsf] klg jx;rNg' / jlsnn] s]6f] b]vfP klg s]6f] 5fGg] clwsf/ gePsf] h:tf wf/0ff cfPsf 5g\ .

k|j[lQ– sd{rf/Lsf] 3'; lng] k|j[lQnfO{ o; syfn] k|i6 kf/]sf] 5 .

k|ultzLntf–o; syfn] blnt / u}x|blnt ljrsf] e]befjnfO{ k|i6\ofPsf] 5 . efif0fdf ;dfgtf eg] klg Jojxf/df 5}g eGg] syfn] k'li6 u/]sf] 5 .

/fxt– ;f/f ufpF v8]/Laf6 u|l;t ePsf] / ;/sf/n] /fxt ljt/0f ug]{ elg /fxt ;d]t sd{rf/L v6fof] /fxt lng]sf] ;+Vof a9L ePkl5 nfnk"hf{sf] cfwf/df /fxt ljt/0f ug]{ elgof] .  clwsfD;sf] nfnk"hf{ gePsf]n] /fxt gkfpg] ePsf] / k'/} ufpFn] /fxt c:jLsf/ u/]sf] eP klg /fxt ljt/0fsf] ;dfrf/ k|;f/0f ePsf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf

kl/j]z– afnlbj; dgfpFb} kmls{g] x'n;Fu} uNnL / k]6Lx¿df hLjg ljtfpg]x¿n] cfˆgf] ljBfno / ;d"xnfO{ vf]h] t/ e]6]gg\ eGb} ltgsf] bogLo cj:yfnfO{ syfn] ki6\ofPsf] 5 .

r]tgf –xl/gfyåf/f of}g zf]if0f ePsL r]tgf xl/gfyn] …xfd|f] ;dfh / g}ltstf ljifos k|jrgdf af]Nbf tflnaHbf r]tgfn] aGb ug'{xf]; o:tf s'/f, slt 5f/\f] xfNg'x'G5 eGb} lrRofPsf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf .

jf:tljstf – o; syfdf g]tfn] r'gfj tfsf afF8]sf cf:jf;g k'/f ug{ g;s]sf] / k'g:d/0f u/fpFbf ……of] /fhgLlt xf]  eg]sf s'/f ;a} sxfF ug{ ;lsG5 / < ljsf; t qmdzM x'Fb} hfg] s'/f kf] xf] tÆ g]tfsf] lgjf{rgtfsf afFl8g] e'm6f cf:jf;gsf] k|ltlglwTj u/]sf] 5 syfn] .

Tof] /ft – cWoogsfndf ;fwgfnfO{ anTsf/ ug]{ o'jssf] cfˆg} kltåf/f k|z+;f ;'Gbf Jolyt ePsL ;fwgfsf] dgf]efj k|s6 ul/Psf] 5 syfdf .

7x/ –nf]Ug] ljt]sL Pp6L a"9L h:sf b'\O{ efO 5f]/fn] ljb]z cWoogsf] j]nf pt} 3/hd u/]/ a:g]  hfgsf/L kfpg', ufpFn]nfO{ klxnf ;xof]u cflb ubf{ bofsL b]jL elgPsLnfO{ ha ufpFn]nfO{ ;xof]u ug{ g;Sg] cj:yfdf k'u]kl5 af]S;L /lx5 eGg] lgisif{ lgsfn] elgPsf] 5 syfdf

ljZjf; – a;fOF ;bf{sf] si6s/ ;d:ofnfO{ o; syfn] ;dfPsf] 5 . hxfF lyof] ToxfFsf] cefj, kL8f,bfl/b|\o / ck|flKt  gofF 7fpFdf klg ;fy} uP/ hLjg si6s/ ePkl5 k'g a;fOF ;g]{ lg0f{o lnof] .

ljjztf – Pp6L kljq gf/Lsf] ljjztfdf ;dfhn] lbPsf  bf]ifdf kq n]Vb} …;+3if{df xf/] ,kltt 7x/Lo d , tLg aRrfsf] k]6 kfNg' lyof] . e6\6L yfk] klg cl:dtf a]r]sL 5}g / xf/]/ ljbf x'Fb}5' eGg] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 .

5fof –bfp/fsf] cefj If]qdf gbLn] aufP/ NofPsf bfp/f ;+sngsf] nflu dn' gbLdf bfp/f ;+sng ug{ hfG5 , w]/} bfp/f ;+sng u5{ cem} ;+sngug]{ OR5f hfu]/ cfpF5 / gbLdf k:5 / t}l/g g;sL d[To'j/0f u5{ . x/]s /ft ;kgfdf pm >LdtL;Fu cfpF5 / arfpg cfu|x u5{  eGg] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf .

\Jojxf/–cgGtn] :jb];L ;Lksf] k|of]udf  efif0fdf hf]8 lbG5 . ufpFdf sfdsf] yfngL x'G5 t/ s]xL JolQmn] o;sfdnfO{ plrt 7fg]gg\ / lj/f]w ug{ yfn] / o;sf] g]t[Tj cgGtn] g} u/]sf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 .

qmd–o;syfdf Pp6f >ldsn] sfd u/]/ p;sf 5f]/f5f/L / >LdtLsf] k]6 eg{ ;Sb}g tyf cleefjssf] bfloTj k"/f ug{ ;lSb}g .

;f]rfO{ –Pp6f ul/a ljBfyL{n] r'gfj k|rf/ k|;f/sf ;fdfu|LnfO{ n]Vo ;fdfu|Lsf] +¿kdf a6'n]sf] b]v]/ lzIfsn] ljBfyL{nfO{ lgs} xKsfof] . ljBfyL{n] clxn] oL ;fdfu|L a6'Ng] /fVg] / kl5 sfkL agfP/ n]v]/ 7"nf] dflg; aGg] wf/0ff /fV]sf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 .

ef]sf] dfG5]–  Pp6f dflg;sf] nfz ?vdf lyof] ljleGg ;d'bfo / wfld{s u"?x¿n]  nfz cfˆgf] ;d'bfosf] eg]/ bfjL u/] t/ kf]i6df6{g k|ltj]bgsf] ;fydf cfPsf] kqdf ;a} ;d'bfo / wd{ u'?x+nfO{ ;dfg b'/Ldf /fVb} p;sf] nfz ltgLx¿n] 5'g gkfpg eGg] / ……ef]sf] dflg;n] k|jrg a'em\b}g , p;nfO{ vfgf rflxG5Æ eGg] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf .

lg?Q/–Pp6f kfFr jlif{ aRrfdf 7"nf] / ;fgf] dflg;sf] lje]bsf] s'/f pAh]sf] oyfy{tf oxfF k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . 7"nf]dflg; aGg s] ug'{ k5{ cflb dfld{s k|Zg 5f]/fn] afa'nfO{ ;f]4g' t/ afa' lg?Q/ x'g'  .

c7f]6–o; syfdf c7f]6 af]s]/ ofqfdf nfu]sf s]xL ldqn] ofqf k'/f gu/L g} aLrdf /f]lsPsf] / d eGg] kfqn] cfˆgf] c7f]6nfO{ k"0f{tf lbg] qmd ePsf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf .

e|dd'lQm–hLjg / lh1f;f a; b'3{6gfdf k/]/ c:ktfnsf] z}ofdf a:bf b'a}df cfsif{0f a9\5 . b'a}df kq cfbfgk|bfg x'G5 . Ps lbgsf] kqn] p;nfO{ /f]dflGrt agfof] t/ klrro lb+bf pgn] klt / sfG5f] 5f]/f] ;d]tsf] kl/ro kfpFbf pMj]xf]; d'b|fdf k'Uof] eGb} syf ;dfKt x'G5

bof– cfk"m c:j:y cj:yfdf ePsf] j]nf 5f]/Ln] sfd ug{ yfnL, clu|d tnj klg kfpg yfnL, afanfO{ z+sf hfUof] . of] ;Xo ePg . cfk"m sfddf hfg yfNof]. sfd dfUof] t/ kfPg . 5f]/Ln] ;/x sfd ug{ ;S5' eGbf 5f]/LnfO{ sfd bofn] lbPsf] hjfkm kfof] .

;tx–ljsf;nfO{ ;xL ¿kdf kl/rfng ug{ g;Sbf ufpFn]nfO{ af]em aGof] / ljsf; lj/f]wLdf bzL{o

klxrfg – o; syfdf :tDe n]lvsf, dlxnf clwsf/jfbLsfo{stf{ / ljZjljBfnosf] :gftsf}Q/ tx t[tLo jif{sL 5fqfnfO{ ljjfxsf] nflu rf/ lsl;dsf j/sf] kl/ro / kmf]6f] k7fOPsf]df ;DklQsf] nf]en] ;fdfGo kl/jf/ k|j]lzsf k/LIff plq0fnfO{ dg k/fPsf] wf/0ff .

b[li6– e|i6rf/ lj/f]wL cleofgdf nfu]sfx¿sf] e|i6rf/ u/]sf] ;dfrf/ aGg g;s]sf] wf/0ff cfPsf] 5 syfdf .

sfo/÷jL/ –  o; syfdf ;Hhg Jojxf/, ;a};Fu /fd|f] Jojxf/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ ;dfhn] sfo/ 7fGg] / x]Kg] t/ olb ToxL dflg; 3d08L / lhb\bLjfnf / ;a}nfO{ x]Kg] vfnsf] ePdf To;af6 ;a}} 8/fpg] / jL/ 7fGg] ;dfhsf] k|j[lQnfO{ syfn] k|i6 kf/]sf] 5 .

t:jL/ –o; syfdf Pp6L of}jg d:t o'jtLn] cfˆgf] :jefljs l:yltnfO{ cfw'gLs/0f ub}{ :jlKgn /fhs'df/sf] sfvdf n'6k'l6O{ ;'v ;on / df]h dHhf u/L o;} cj:yfdf cfdfn] Ps 8fnL sf]bf] lnP/  9f]s 9s9sfPkl5 pm oyf l:yltdf cfPsf] wf/0ff 5 syfdf .

ef]s / ;+j]bgf –of] clGtd / clt bb{gfs syf xf] o; syfdf cfunfuLdf k/]/ bzjif{sf] 5f]/f u'dfPsL cfdfnfO{ gfjfns 5f]/Ln] l;:gf] ld;fPsf] vf]n] eGbf eft ld7f] x'g] / 3/ 5Fbf eft vfg gkfPsf] / bfO{ / 3/ gePklg eft vfg kfo dh} x'g] eGbf cfdf 5f]/fnfO{ ;Dem]/ ?gyflng / ;/sf/af6 k|fKt /fxtsf] rfdn lyof] eGg] wf/0ff cfPsf 5g\ syfdf .

gj/fh l/hfnaf6 n]lvPsf %& j6f syfsf] s]xL ;f/efj d}n] k:sg] sf]l;; u/}+ . gj/fh l/hfnn] o; syfdf ;fdlhs oyfy{tfdf cfwfl/t /x]/ ;dfhdf b]lvg] /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs, z}lIfs If]qsf ljs[lt / lj;ª\ultnfO{ /fd|/L ;dfPsf / s]nfPsf 5g\ . ul/aLn] lylrPsf ef]sfqmGbgx¿n] o; syfdf pRr :yfg kfPsf 5g\ . e|i6rf/Lx¿n] ug]{ e|i6rf/sf oyfy{tf, z}LIfs JolQmTjn] ckgfPsf oyfl:yltjfbL k|j[lQ, dflg;df ufl8Psf k'/ftgd'vL k|j[lQ, ;dfhdf cfpg g;s]sf]  kl/jt{g cfly ljljw If]qnfO{ syfx¿n] ;d6]sf 5g\ .

zLif{sL s/0f – cb[Zo kL8f gfdfs/0f ul/Psf] o; syf;ª\u|xdf cb[Zo kL8f gfds syf ;dfj]z u/]sf] kfOb}g . o; syf;ª\u|xleq cfj/0fdf ;xh¿kdf  b]Vg g;s] klg x/]s syfsf] cGt:s/0fdf y'k|} kL8fx¿ n's]sf 5g\ / tL n's]sf kL8fnfO{ gj/fhn] k|bz{g ug{ ;kmn b]lvPsf 5g\ . o; cfwf/df zLif{s ;fy{s 5 eGg ;lsG5 .

kfq ljwfg – oL syfdf gj/fhn] ef}uf]lns cj:yfsf] cWoognfO{ gh/ /fVb} kfqx¿sf] rog u/]sf] b]lvG5 .;a} syfdf cfPsf kfqx¿ lqmofzLn 5g\ . syfn] eGg rfx]sf] wf/0ff;Fu d]n vfg] vfnsf 5g\ ..

efiff z}nL / k|:t'tL –efiff ;/n 5 . ;a} lsl;dsf kf7ssf]nflu u|fXo 5 . pvfg 6'Ssf tyf oyf:yfgdf zAb;+of]hg /fd|f] 5 . syfdf k|:t'tL klg dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . k|:t'tL nf]e nfUbf] 5 .  ;du|df syfx¿ ;xh / ;/n 5g\ .

cGTodf gj/fhsf syfdf dfgj hLjgsf kL8f, kL8faf]w ug'{ l;jfo c¿ ug{ g;lsg] ljjztf, ul/aL dfly wgLx¿sf pk]Iff / lt/:sf/, ul/aLn] lylrPsf] ;dfhn] ul/aLaf6 d'lQm kfpg g;sL st} d[To'j/0f, st} cfzf, st} lg/fzf, sd{rf/L tGqdf b]lvg] Jofks e|i6rf/, st} rfs/L, st} sfdrf]/ / ukmf8L cflb y'k|] 36gfqmdx¿ l/hfnn] ;dfpg' ePsf] 5 . l/hfnsf] n]vgsnf cem} df}nfpFb} hfj;\ eGb} ljbf x'G5' .

                                        

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